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Users log on to services such as SSH, ftp, SASL, POP3, IMAP, Apache htaccess, and many more using their names and passwords. These popular access mechanisms are a potential target for brute-force attacks. An attentive bouncer will keep dictionary attacks at bay.
When users are allowed to choose passwords of their own volition, they often choose something fairly weak, like the name of a friend or pet. This predictable human behavior is something that the bad guys relish.
All an attacker needs to do is set up a loop of login attempts that references a dictionary list of passwords. After all, chances are very slight that the user has set up a password like 4G&dP9a! for the account under attack.
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