Pure randomness took me by the hand recently and led me to dnsping, dnstraceroute, and dnseval. The tool collection for name resolution is entitled DNSDiag [1]. You need Python 3 and pip3 to install and run the trio and sudo to let it create ICMP sockets.

dnsping lives up to its name, repeatedly querying a DNS server and displaying the response times. The hostname to be resolved is a mandatory parameter. dnsping prompts you for the system's default name server, which can be changed using -s <nameserver>. After typing

sudo dnsping.py -v -s 8.8.8.8 linux-magazine.com

I queried a public DNS server from Google. Its responses took 20 milliseconds to reach me, four times more than my provider's DNS.

dnseval queries several servers in parallel. As a competition judge, it presents the results so that you can immediately see which server responds fastest or slowest. I redirected the list of servers to be checked into a text file, with one server in each line. Lists of public DNS servers are easy to find; I used [2] and took the first five servers from the list. The call looks like this:

sudo dnseval.py -f ./liste.txt -c 5 linux-magazine.com

The result in Figure 1 shows a remarkable discrepancy between minimum and maximum response times.

Figure 1: The dnseval utility reveals a large difference between the minimum and maximum response times.

Highwayman?

dnstraceroute determines the path my DNS query takes to reach the target. By comparing this with a classic ICMP traceroute, I can identify an attacker trying to kidnap my DNS queries. My test call is:

sudo dnstraceroute.py --expert --asn -C -s 8.8.4.4 linux-magazine.com

The result is shown in Figure 2. The --expert parameter provides tips if something seems to be suspicious in the output – for example, if the target server is only a hop away from a private IP address (RFC 1918). False alarms also occur if you are not working on a cloud server, but locally, and a DNS cache such as Dnsmasq [3] is running on the router.

Figure 2: dnstraceroute tracks the path of a name resolution query.

For each hop, the --asn parameter shows you the autonomous system providing the network for the address. I can thus quickly see where the process crosses my provider's boundaries.